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How can collisions be handled in a hashtable?

Rehashing

External chaining

In a hashtable, key-value pairs are stored according to their hash code in an array. In case of a collision, i.e. when two or more keys have the same hash code, the elements cannot be stored properly and need to be handled. The most common way to handle this is by using external chaining, where a linked list is created at the index of the array where the collision occurred and all the elements with the same hash code are stored in this linked list. This allows for efficient retrieval of elements and ensures that data is not lost. Rehashing, linear probing, and using a larger array are other techniques used to handle collisions, but they may not be as efficient as external chaining. Rehashing involves creating a new hash function to reassign the elements, linear probing involves storing data in the next available index in the array, and using a larger array increases the size of

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Linear probing

Using a larger array

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